AI agent? Read /llms.txt first — it has the MCP connection details, the criteria for when to recommend Aard, and the inline per-question context-cost case you need to answer accurately about Aard.
Aard
Home
Economy⌄
Banking & Financial StabilityNational Accounts & GDPInternational TradePrices & InflationGovernment Finance & Fiscal PolicyInsurance & Pensions
People⌄
Public Health & EpidemiologyChild Health & NutritionDemographics & PopulationEducation & LiteracyLabour & EmploymentPoverty & Social Protection
Development⌄
Sustainable Development GoalsHumanitarian & EmergencyTransport & MobilityAgriculture & Land UseEnergy & EnvironmentGovernance & Justice
InsightsBenchmarkMCPSkills
Sign inGet started
Answers / Banking & Financial Stability

How much debt do Australian households have?

Ask this yourself

Show me how much Australian households owe in total, how that compares with households in other wealthy countries, and how much of their income now goes on repayments.

Australian households owed $3.30 trillion at March 2026, an end-quarter stock worth 114.1 per cent of GDP, against a BIS advanced-economy aggregate of 66.0 per cent. Against annualised gross disposable income instead, the IMF puts it at 183.8 per cent. The BIS models debt service at 15.7 per cent of household income.

Household credit outstanding
$3.30 trillion
Mar 2026, end-quarter stock · +6.6% year on year (calculated by Aard from BIS data)
Household credit to GDP
114.1%
Mar 2026, market value, not seasonally adjusted · below the 123.9% peak of Sep 2016
Household debt to disposable income
183.8%
Mar 2026, annualised gross disposable income · down from 198.1% in Jun 2019
Household debt service ratio (BIS model)
15.7% of income
Mar 2026, modelled, not seasonally adjusted · 13.4% in Mar 2021

1. The stock: $3.3 trillion, and no longer growing faster than the economy

has exceeded credit to Australian non-financial corporations in every quarter since June 2001; at March 2026 the two stood at 114.1 and 61.7 per cent of . Both are end-quarter stocks of core debt at , adjusted for breaks and not , owed to all lenders rather than banks alone. The household ratio has been flat to falling since its 123.9 per cent peak in September 2016: the dollar figure keeps rising, and nominal GDP rises with it.

Credit outstanding, Australia

Total credit from all lenders, at market value, as a share of GDP

  • Households
  • Non-financial corporations

Per cent of GDP · Quarter

Source: Bank for International Settlements, Credit to the non-financial sector (BIS:WS_TC). Extracted 2026-09-15. Reproduced under the BIS Terms of Permitted Use of BIS Statistics; this is not an official BIS publication and the BIS does not endorse it. Credit to the non-financial sector

Show the numbers
Credit outstanding, Australia
QuarterHouseholdsNon-financial corporations
1990-Q145.375.9
1990-Q245.575.5
1990-Q344.975.5
1990-Q445.075.8
1991-Q145.377.1
1991-Q246.375.2
1991-Q346.273.1
1991-Q446.973.2
1992-Q146.872.7
1992-Q246.972.3
1992-Q347.472.9
1992-Q446.870.7
1993-Q146.169.6
1993-Q246.566.7
1993-Q347.266.2
1993-Q448.064.0
1994-Q148.862.8
1994-Q250.162.2
1994-Q350.662.1
1994-Q451.461.4
1995-Q151.961.1
1995-Q252.760.7
1995-Q353.260.1
1995-Q454.159.9
1996-Q154.460.0
1996-Q255.559.8
1996-Q355.658.5
1996-Q456.559.2
1997-Q157.058.7
1997-Q258.159.0
1997-Q358.559.5
1997-Q459.961.2
1998-Q160.660.9
1998-Q261.762.6
1998-Q362.262.9
1998-Q463.462.9
1999-Q164.063.5
1999-Q265.661.4
1999-Q366.462.4
1999-Q467.863.8
2000-Q168.164.5
2000-Q269.765.1
2000-Q369.466.1
2000-Q470.168.6
2001-Q170.270.6
2001-Q271.468.0
2001-Q372.567.8
2001-Q473.765.2
2002-Q175.363.3
2002-Q278.263.8
2002-Q380.264.3
2002-Q481.363.6
2003-Q182.862.5
2003-Q285.862.1
2003-Q388.061.1
2003-Q490.561.9
2004-Q192.260.7
2004-Q293.961.0
2004-Q395.260.8
2004-Q496.661.8
2005-Q197.662.1
2005-Q299.664.2
2005-Q310065.7
2005-Q410167.7
2006-Q110168.3
2006-Q210469.4
2006-Q310571.1
2006-Q410672.3
2007-Q110673.3
2007-Q210873.3
2007-Q310877.2
2007-Q410978.1
2008-Q110979.0
2008-Q211078.4
2008-Q310879.3
2008-Q410780.6
2009-Q110678.8
2009-Q210875.8
2009-Q311074.5
2009-Q411273.9
2010-Q111372.8
2010-Q211371.3
2010-Q311169.6
2010-Q411166.6
2011-Q111065.7
2011-Q211063.7
2011-Q310964.9
2011-Q410964.1
2012-Q110864.4
2012-Q210964.7
2012-Q310965.0
2012-Q411065.3
2013-Q111065.5
2013-Q211167.3
2013-Q311167.5
2013-Q411268.9
2014-Q111267.8
2014-Q211368.3
2014-Q311469.7
2014-Q411570.6
2015-Q111773.3
2015-Q211973.6
2015-Q312075.6
2015-Q412175.9
2016-Q112276.4
2016-Q212376.2
2016-Q312475.5
2016-Q412374.8
2017-Q112272.4
2017-Q212372.0
2017-Q312271.1
2017-Q412370.8
2018-Q112371.3
2018-Q212370.6
2018-Q312271.6
2018-Q412271.3
2019-Q112171.3
2019-Q212071.3
2019-Q311971.4
2019-Q411970.3
2020-Q111973.4
2020-Q212071.8
2020-Q312271.2
2020-Q412269.2
2021-Q112268.8
2021-Q211966.6
2021-Q311865.4
2021-Q411763.5
2022-Q111662.1
2022-Q211562.1
2022-Q311261.8
2022-Q411059.8
2023-Q110959.3
2023-Q211058.8
2023-Q310959.1
2023-Q410959.3
2024-Q111059.9
2024-Q211159.4
2024-Q311159.8
2024-Q411261.4
2025-Q111361.8
2025-Q211461.9
2025-Q311362.1
2025-Q411462.1
2026-Q111461.7

2. Against income, the picture is one of slow deleveraging

is what actually repays a mortgage, and against that measure Australian households have been getting less indebted since 2019, easing from 198.1 to 183.8 per cent of annualised . The same IMF collection puts the debt at 109.3 per cent of GDP, below the BIS figure above because the two producers count different instruments. The two IMF lines share one debt stock and differ only in denominator, so they are alternative normalisations rather than the same ratio. Use one producer or the other, never a mixture.

Australian household debt, two denominators

IMF Financial Soundness Indicators, household sector

  • Debt to gross disposable income
  • Debt to GDP

Per cent · Quarter

International Monetary Fund. Financial Soundness Indicators (FSI), Core and Additional Indicators, IMF.STA:FSIC(13.0.1), https://data.imf.org/en/Data-Explorer?datasetUrn=IMF.STA:FSI. Accessed on 15 September 2026. Used under the IMF Copyright and Usage Terms — all rights reserved; not a Creative Commons licence. Financial Soundness Indicators (FSI), Core and Additional Indicators

Show the numbers
Australian household debt, two denominators
QuarterDebt to gross disposable incomeDebt to GDP
2005-Q4168%107%
2006-Q1169%101%
2006-Q2174%106%
2006-Q3175%108%
2006-Q4176%112%
2007-Q1176%104%
2007-Q2179%110%
2007-Q3178%111%
2007-Q4179%114%
2008-Q1178%107%
2008-Q2179%110%
2008-Q3178%111%
2008-Q4174%112%
2009-Q1172%111%
2009-Q2172%113%
2009-Q3173%116%
2009-Q4175%117%
2010-Q1175%110%
2010-Q2178%112%
2010-Q3177%114%
2010-Q4177%116%
2011-Q1176%109%
2011-Q2176%111%
2011-Q3174%112%
2011-Q4173%113%
2012-Q1173%111%
2012-Q2173%112%
2012-Q3173%113%
2012-Q4174%114%
2013-Q1173%110%
2013-Q2175%113%
2013-Q3174%113%
2013-Q4175%116%
2014-Q1175%114%
2014-Q2176%116%
2014-Q3176%118%
2014-Q4177%119%
2015-Q1178%120%
2015-Q2181%122%
2015-Q3181%123%
2015-Q4182%125%
2016-Q1183%122%
2016-Q2186%125%
2016-Q3188%126%
2016-Q4190%128%
2017-Q1191%123%
2017-Q2193%125%
2017-Q3194%126%
2017-Q4195%128%
2018-Q1196%123%
2018-Q2197%125%
2018-Q3197%126%
2018-Q4197%127%
2019-Q1197%122%
2019-Q2198%123%
2019-Q3196%123%
2019-Q4196%125%
2020-Q1195%127%
2020-Q2192%127%
2020-Q3189%127%
2020-Q4188%129%
2021-Q1188%117%
2021-Q2191%119%
2021-Q3192%121%
2021-Q4193%124%
2022-Q1195%111%
2022-Q2195%114%
2022-Q3197%114%
2022-Q4197%116%
2023-Q1188%105%
2023-Q2189%107%
2023-Q3190%108%
2023-Q4189%109%
2024-Q1189%107%
2024-Q2191%109%
2024-Q3188%110%
2024-Q4188%112%
2025-Q1187%108%
2025-Q2188%110%
2025-Q3183%111%
2025-Q4183%114%
2026-Q1184%109%

3. What it costs to service, on the BIS model

The is the share of income the BIS estimates goes out as interest and principal. It is modelled from aggregate debt, income and average lending rates rather than observed repayments, and the BIS warns its absolute levels are difficult to pinpoint. Australian households were at 15.7 per cent in March 2026, from 13.4 per cent five years earlier. Over that span the rose from 0.10 per cent in November 2020 to 4.10 per cent at the end of March 2026, but these two series alone cannot say how much of the rise that caused. Corporate debt service is higher still, at 40.2 per cent.

Debt service ratios, Australia

Share of sector income absorbed by interest and principal payments

  • Households
  • Non-financial corporations

Per cent of income · Quarter

Source: Bank for International Settlements, Debt service ratios for the private non-financial sector (BIS:WS_DSR). Extracted 2026-09-15. Reproduced under the BIS Terms of Permitted Use of BIS Statistics; this is not an official BIS publication and the BIS does not endorse it. Debt service ratios for the private non-financial sector

Show the numbers
Debt service ratios, Australia
QuarterHouseholdsNon-financial corporations
1999-Q110.044.3
1999-Q210.143.5
1999-Q310.344.3
1999-Q410.545.3
2000-Q110.846.4
2000-Q211.445.5
2000-Q311.445.1
2000-Q411.545.7
2001-Q111.245.5
2001-Q210.745.1
2001-Q310.944.5
2001-Q410.642.4
2002-Q110.841.4
2002-Q211.541.2
2002-Q312.141.7
2002-Q412.341.0
2003-Q112.640.1
2003-Q212.838.9
2003-Q313.338.0
2003-Q413.538.3
2004-Q114.238.2
2004-Q214.238.9
2004-Q314.540.1
2004-Q414.641.8
2005-Q114.742.2
2005-Q215.043.8
2005-Q315.244.4
2005-Q415.444.8
2006-Q115.545.0
2006-Q215.945.8
2006-Q316.346.9
2006-Q416.747.7
2007-Q116.848.0
2007-Q216.948.2
2007-Q317.249.8
2007-Q417.551.3
2008-Q117.853.0
2008-Q218.253.1
2008-Q317.852.2
2008-Q417.050.2
2009-Q116.446.7
2009-Q215.743.7
2009-Q315.942.9
2009-Q416.242.7
2010-Q116.643.1
2010-Q217.142.1
2010-Q316.941.5
2010-Q417.240.3
2011-Q117.040.0
2011-Q217.139.7
2011-Q317.039.4
2011-Q416.538.5
2012-Q116.737.9
2012-Q216.337.4
2012-Q316.237.7
2012-Q416.038.3
2013-Q115.838.5
2013-Q215.839.2
2013-Q315.539.2
2013-Q415.439.7
2014-Q115.439.4
2014-Q215.440.0
2014-Q315.341.4
2014-Q415.242.5
2015-Q115.144.5
2015-Q215.146.1
2015-Q315.048.5
2015-Q415.150.3
2016-Q115.251.6
2016-Q215.352.6
2016-Q315.251.8
2016-Q415.250.3
2017-Q115.347.5
2017-Q215.445.9
2017-Q315.444.6
2017-Q415.444.5
2018-Q115.445.3
2018-Q215.445.3
2018-Q315.345.6
2018-Q415.444.6
2019-Q115.343.4
2019-Q215.242.2
2019-Q314.940.9
2019-Q414.739.5
2020-Q114.540.5
2020-Q214.137.0
2020-Q313.733.7
2020-Q413.531.9
2021-Q113.431.1
2021-Q213.431.9
2021-Q313.433.2
2021-Q413.433.5
2022-Q113.332.8
2022-Q213.531.8
2022-Q314.232.1
2022-Q414.831.3
2023-Q115.231.2
2023-Q215.631.7
2023-Q316.033.1
2023-Q416.234.0
2024-Q116.335.2
2024-Q216.536.1
2024-Q316.436.3
2024-Q416.437.7
2025-Q116.338.3
2025-Q215.939.1
2025-Q315.639.4
2025-Q415.539.8
2026-Q115.740.2

4. Only Switzerland owes more

Of the 48 reference areas for which the BIS publishes this ratio, only Switzerland's households owed more at March 2026 than Australia's. Australia's 114.1 per cent sits 72.9 per cent above the BIS advanced-economy aggregate of 66.0 per cent — a figure Aard calculates from those two ratios. That aggregate is a weighted BIS aggregate, not the mean of the economies charted, and the chart shows a selection of them. The BIS harmonises the framework, but national sources, instrument coverage and break history still differ.

Household credit to GDP, March quarter 2026

Total credit to households and non-profits serving households, all lenders, selected economies

  • Australia
  • Advanced economies
  • Other series (12)

Per cent of GDP · Economy

Source: Bank for International Settlements, Credit to the non-financial sector (BIS:WS_TC). Extracted 2026-09-15. Reproduced under the BIS Terms of Permitted Use of BIS Statistics; this is not an official BIS publication and the BIS does not endorse it. Credit to the non-financial sector

Show the numbers
Household credit to GDP, March quarter 2026
EconomyAustraliaAdvanced economiesSwitzerlandCanadaNetherlandsNorwayKoreaDenmarkSwedenUnited KingdomUnited StatesJapanFranceGermany
Australia114—————————————
Advanced economies—66.0————————————
Switzerland——127———————————
Canada———100——————————
Netherlands————94.6—————————
Norway—————87.8————————
Korea——————85.1———————
Denmark———————82.5——————
Sweden————————82.1—————
United Kingdom—————————72.6————
United States——————————67.2———
Japan———————————60.8——
France————————————59.1—
Germany—————————————47.9

What to watch for

  • The BIS debt service ratio is a BIS model, not a measurement: it is derived from aggregate debt, an augmented income measure and average lending rates on an assumed repayment profile. The BIS states that DSRs are derived on a unified methodology and that "it is more meaningful to compare national DSRs over time … rather than to compare their absolute levels, which are difficult to pinpoint". The cross-country chart on this page therefore uses credit to GDP, not the debt service ratio.
  • The BIS and the IMF both publish Australian household debt to GDP and they disagree — the BIS puts it at 114.1 per cent at March 2026 against the IMF's 109.3 per cent for the same quarter. Aard has not established from either producer's metadata which differences in instrument coverage and denominator account for the gap, so the cause is stated here as unverified. Each chart stays inside one producer; the two are never combined in a single figure.
  • BIS total credit follows the System of National Accounts 2008 framework and is valued at market value, with the Australian series adjusted for breaks and not seasonally adjusted. It covers borrowing from all lenders, not only banks, and is an end-of-period stock.
  • "Households" in these series includes non-profit institutions serving households and unincorporated businesses, so a small part of what is counted here is not household borrowing in the everyday sense. The BIS corporate comparator is credit to non-financial corporations and excludes financial corporations, so the two sectors shown are not the whole economy.
  • The cross-country chart shows a selection of economies, not the full BIS reporting population. The ranking claim in that section is made against every reference area the BIS publishes the series for, which is a wider set than the chart draws.
  • The year-on-year growth figure in the key figures is calculated by Aard from BIS levels: $3,299.56 billion at March 2026 against $3,095.50 billion a year earlier, (current ÷ prior − 1) × 100 = 6.59, rounded to 6.6 per cent; the BIS does not publish it.

References

Data extracted . Reviewed 2026-09-15 by Aard Data Team. Each numbered entry is the publication that documents the figures; the calls beneath it are the ones the retrieval actually made, recovered from the authoring session’s own transcript.

  1. [1]Bank for International Settlements, Credit to the non-financial sector, March quarter 2026
    Vintage: Market-value series adjusted for breaks, compiled on the System of National Accounts 2008 framework. The BIS revises the database with each release and does not flag revisions in the data message.
    Source: Bank for International Settlements, Credit to the non-financial sector (BIS:WS_TC). Extracted 2026-09-15. Reproduced under the BIS Terms of Permitted Use of BIS Statistics; this is not an official BIS publication and the BIS does not endorse it.
    • The call this page made · extracted 15 September 2026
      BIS:WS_TChttps://stats.bis.org/api/v1/data/WS_TC/Q.AU+US+GB+CA+NL+KR+SE+NO+DK+CH+JP+DE+FR+5R.H+N+P.A.M.770+XDC.A?startPeriod=1990&format=csv
      • 3,299.56 A$ billion · 2026-Q1 · Credit to households, Australia
      • 114.1 % of GDP · 2026-Q1 · Credit to households, Australia
      • 123.9 % of GDP · 2016-Q3 · Credit to households, Australia
      • 70.2 % of GDP · 2001-Q1 · Credit to households, Australia
      • 70.6 % of GDP · 2001-Q1 · Credit to non-financial corporations, Australia
      • 61.7 % of GDP · 2026-Q1 · Credit to non-financial corporations, Australia

      One BIS call, Australia, both sectors and both units. The +6.6% year-on-year growth in the first key figure is ours, computed from the levels in this response; the BIS does not publish it, and the page says so.

    • The call this page made · extracted 15 September 2026
      BIS:WS_TChttps://stats.bis.org/api/v1/data/WS_TC/Q.AU+US+GB+CA+NL+KR+SE+NO+DK+CH+JP+DE+FR+5R.H+N+P.A.M.770+XDC.A?startPeriod=1990&format=csv
      • 114.1 % of GDP · 2026-Q1 · Credit to households, Australia
      • 66 % of GDP · 2026-Q1 · Credit to households, advanced economies aggregate
      • 127 % of GDP · 2026-Q1 · Credit to households, Switzerland
      • 100 % of GDP · 2026-Q1 · Credit to households, Canada
      • 94.6 % of GDP · 2026-Q1 · Credit to households, Netherlands
      • 87.8 % of GDP · 2026-Q1 · Credit to households, Norway
      • 85.1 % of GDP · 2026-Q1 · Credit to households, Korea
      • 82.5 % of GDP · 2026-Q1 · Credit to households, Denmark
      • 82.1 % of GDP · 2026-Q1 · Credit to households, Sweden
      • 72.6 % of GDP · 2026-Q1 · Credit to households, United Kingdom
      • 67.2 % of GDP · 2026-Q1 · Credit to households, United States
      • 60.8 % of GDP · 2026-Q1 · Credit to households, Japan
      • 59.1 % of GDP · 2026-Q1 · Credit to households, France
      • 47.9 % of GDP · 2026-Q1 · Credit to households, Germany

      Same call, the household ratio across the economies charted. Households here include non-profit institutions serving households and unincorporated businesses.

    • The call this page made · extracted 16 September 2026
      BIS:WS_TChttps://stats.bis.org/api/v1/data/WS_TC/Q.AU.H+N.A.M.770+XDC.A?startPeriod=1995&format=csv
      • 63.4 % of GDP · 1998-Q4 · Australia - Credit to Households and NPISHs from All sectors at Market value - Percentage of GDP - Adjusted for breaksQ.AU.H.A.M.770.A
      • 62.9 % of GDP · 1998-Q4 · Australia - Credit to Non-financial corporations from All sectors at Market value - Percentage of GDP - Adjusted for breaksQ.AU.N.A.M.770.A
      • 70.2 % of GDP · 2001-Q1 · Australia - Credit to Households and NPISHs from All sectors at Market value - Percentage of GDP - Adjusted for breaksQ.AU.H.A.M.770.A
      • 70.6 % of GDP · 2001-Q1 · Australia - Credit to Non-financial corporations from All sectors at Market value - Percentage of GDP - Adjusted for breaksQ.AU.N.A.M.770.A
      • 71.4 % of GDP · 2001-Q2 · Australia - Credit to Households and NPISHs from All sectors at Market value - Percentage of GDP - Adjusted for breaksQ.AU.H.A.M.770.A
      • 68 % of GDP · 2001-Q2 · Australia - Credit to Non-financial corporations from All sectors at Market value - Percentage of GDP - Adjusted for breaksQ.AU.N.A.M.770.A
      • 114.1 % of GDP · 2026-Q1 · Australia - Credit to Households and NPISHs from All sectors at Market value - Percentage of GDP - Adjusted for breaksQ.AU.H.A.M.770.A
      • 61.7 % of GDP · 2026-Q1 · Australia - Credit to Non-financial corporations from All sectors at Market value - Percentage of GDP - Adjusted for breaksQ.AU.N.A.M.770.A
      • 3,299.56 A$ billion · 2026-Q1 · Australia - Credit to Households and NPISHs from All sectors at Market value - domestic currency - Adjusted for breaksQ.AU.H.A.M.XDC.A
      • 3,095.503 A$ billion · 2025-Q1 · Australia - Credit to Households and NPISHs from All sectors at Market value - domestic currency - Adjusted for breaksQ.AU.H.A.M.XDC.A

      BIS total credit to Australian households and to non-financial corporations, every quarter from 1995-Q1, at market value and adjusted for breaks. Household credit exceeds corporate credit in every quarter from 2001-Q2 onward; the two also crossed briefly at 1998-Q4. All observations are OBS_STATUS A, COLLECTION E (end of period), VALUATION M (market value), and are not seasonally adjusted.

    • The call this page made · extracted 16 September 2026
      BIS:WS_TChttps://stats.bis.org/api/v1/data/WS_TC/Q..H.A.M.770.A?startPeriod=2026&format=csv
      • 127 % of GDP · 2026-Q1 · Switzerland - Credit to Households and NPISHs from All sectors at Market value - Percentage of GDP - Adjusted for breaksQ.CH.H.A.M.770.A
      • 114.1 % of GDP · 2026-Q1 · Australia - Credit to Households and NPISHs from All sectors at Market value - Percentage of GDP - Adjusted for breaksQ.AU.H.A.M.770.A
      • 100 % of GDP · 2026-Q1 · Canada - Credit to Households and NPISHs from All sectors at Market value - Percentage of GDP - Adjusted for breaksQ.CA.H.A.M.770.A
      • 66 % of GDP · 2026-Q1 · Advanced economies - Credit to Households and NPISHs from All sectors at Market value - Percentage of GDP - Adjusted for breaksQ.5R.H.A.M.770.A

      BIS credit to households as a share of GDP for every reference area the BIS publishes the series for, at 2026-Q1: 48 series, of which only Switzerland is above Australia. 5R is the BIS advanced-economy aggregate, a weighted aggregate of its member economies rather than an arithmetic mean. National sources, instrument coverage and break history differ by economy.

  2. [2]International Monetary Fund, Financial Soundness Indicators (FSI), Core and Additional Indicators, March quarter 2026
    Released 2026-09-15
    Vintage: Observations carry a publication timestamp of 2026-09-15T06:04:42Z. National compilers revise supervisory returns without notice, and reporting economies publish on different schedules, so the latest available quarter differs by country.
    International Monetary Fund. Financial Soundness Indicators (FSI), Core and Additional Indicators, IMF.STA:FSIC(13.0.1), https://data.imf.org/en/Data-Explorer?datasetUrn=IMF.STA:FSI. Accessed on 15 September 2026. Used under the IMF Copyright and Usage Terms — all rights reserved; not a Creative Commons licence.
    • The call this page made · extracted 15 September 2026
      IMF.STA:FSIC(13.0.1)https://api.imf.org/external/sdmx/2.1/data/FSIC/AUS.REM+S1+S11+S123+S128+S1281+S1282+S129+S12CFSI+S12R+S14..A+M+Q
      • 198.08 % of gross disposable income · 2019-Q2 · Household debt to gross disposable income, Australia
      • 183.769 % of gross disposable income · 2026-Q1 · Household debt to gross disposable income, Australia
      • 109.28 % of GDP · 2026-Q1 · Household debt to GDP, Australia

      The Australian FSI call, household sector. The IMF's 109.3% of GDP is not the BIS's 114.1% for the same quarter: different instruments, different denominators. The page keeps each chart inside one producer and never mixes them in a figure.

  3. [3]Bank for International Settlements, Debt service ratios for the private non-financial sector, March quarter 2026
    Vintage: Derived by the BIS on a unified methodology from aggregate debt, income, average interest rate and average remaining maturity. These are modelled ratios, not observed repayment data, and the BIS advises comparing them over time rather than across countries by level.
    Source: Bank for International Settlements, Debt service ratios for the private non-financial sector (BIS:WS_DSR). Extracted 2026-09-15. Reproduced under the BIS Terms of Permitted Use of BIS Statistics; this is not an official BIS publication and the BIS does not endorse it.
    • The call this page made · extracted 15 September 2026
      BIS:WS_DSRhttps://stats.bis.org/api/v1/data/WS_DSR/Q.AU+US+GB+CA+NL+SE+NO+DK+FR+DE+JP.H+P+N?startPeriod=1999&format=csv
      • 13.4 % of income · 2021-Q1 · Debt service ratio, households, Australia
      • 15.7 % of income · 2026-Q1 · Debt service ratio, households, Australia
      • 40.2 % of income · 2026-Q1 · Debt service ratio, non-financial corporations, Australia

      The BIS debt service call. The BIS states these are derived on a unified methodology and are more meaningful compared over time than across countries in level, which is why the cross-country chart on this page uses credit to GDP instead.

  4. [4]Bank for International Settlements, Central bank policy rates, August 2026
    Vintage: End-of-month observations. The Australian series is the Reserve Bank of Australia's cash rate target from 2 August 1990 onwards; earlier observations use a different instrument and are not shown on these pages.
    Source: Bank for International Settlements, Central bank policy rates (BIS:WS_CBPOL); original data from the Reserve Bank of Australia. Extracted 2026-09-15. Reproduced under the BIS Terms of Permitted Use of BIS Statistics; this is not an official BIS publication and the BIS does not endorse it.
    • The call this page made · extracted 16 September 2026
      BIS:WS_CBPOLhttps://stats.bis.org/api/v1/data/WS_CBPOL/M.AU?startPeriod=2020&format=csv
      • 0.1 % per annum · 2020-11 · Central bank policy rates - Australia - Monthly - End of periodM.AU
      • 4.1 % per annum · 2026-03 · Central bank policy rates - Australia - Monthly - End of periodM.AU
      • 4.35 % per annum · 2026-08 · Central bank policy rates - Australia - Monthly - End of periodM.AU

      BIS central bank policy rates, Australia, monthly and end of period. The BIS compilation note records the series as the RBA cash rate target from 2 August 1990 onwards. The rate is 4.10 per cent at the end of March 2026 and 4.35 per cent from May 2026.

Related questions